I cannot make heads or tail of that panel and the names, numbers and words in it.

the number before the orange text is the user ID you can unlock it to show names instead in the shop

the orange text is the trigger that can be magic or an effect of fighting for example

if you fight for a cause you can also see that in the triggerbox

other than that you will be able to see certain weather like rain or storms or sunshine

The trigger box is also used to open certain items and tools.

Many spells that have a longer term effect will also show in the triggers box.

The triggers box is a useful way to notice other peoples activity